[1/2] Architecture of the House of Narkomfin yesterday and today (Category Architecture)

I decided to read this book after visiting the House of Narkomfin. (furthermore)Which I mean. wrote earlier. I wonder why architects are (Moses Ginsburg and Ignatius Milinis) decided to build just such a house and that of all this venture came out, since the house was too interesting looked and had a rich history, and the description like the one below stoked interest.

The House of Narkomfin was designed by Moses Ginzburg and Ignatius Milinis according to the "five starting points of modern architecture" pioneer of architectural modernism Le Corbusier. The supports taken inside the house were freed from the load of the facade. The residential building stood on columns, as if floating above the ground; a garden was laid out on the roof-terrace. The windows, like a ribbon, encircled the building. Architects used a free layout, in which one cell was located on several tiers, not limited by overlaps between floors. For the cells, standard furniture and even a unified color solution of walls and ceilings were developed: warm - in shades of yellow and ochre, and cold - in blue and gray tones.

So I bought the book "Architecture of the House of the People's Commissar yesterday and today", which is the most complete and accurate study of the history of this house. The authors were able to find a large number of archival documents, and also saw the reconstruction of the house. 2016-2020 Over the years, it was possible to compare architectural plans and reality:) When it comes to the content of the book, it’s something like this. - History of the idea of socialization of life - The authors are still in 19 The century of the history of the United States and France, when there were attempts to make communal houses, where workers would live together, and dining rooms, kindergartens, bathrooms would be shared. Most of these projects did not take off. - First residential cell projects But in the first five-year plan in the USSR was the industrialization of the country and people came from the villages to the cities where they lacked a place to live. (In reality, people had less. 5 square feet). With this decided to fight architects-constructivists, among which stands out Moses Ginsburg, The architect of the House of Narkomfin. This trend focused on two things: the functionality of the house and apartments and economic efficiency. They figured out how to share a private part of the house (cell) and to make public spaces in common use, as well as using the variability of cells to increase the efficiency of using the volume and area inside the house. In fact, they set the norm for themselves. 9 square meters per person. The ideas themselves were so breakthrough that the Narkomfin House became a landmark event not only in the USSR, but also abroad. (For example, Le Corbusier, a famous architect, visited Moscow several times and communicated with Ginsburg.) - State Insurance House. - to the house of Narkomfin some of the ideas were tested in this house Projects of a new type of housing at the first exhibition of modern architecture - architects-constructivists in the 20s - 30s 20 centuries have made many projects of dwellings with cells and socialized life. These projects with varying success participated in exhibitions. - Building committee housing units In fact, the cells were of different types and were called A, B, C, D, E, F, ... These cells had different layout and different efficiency, but the characteristic feature was the two-storey cells and the presence of internal stairs for connecting floors. It was assumed that the house can be assembled as a puzzle of cells of different types. - Narcomfin's house. Architecture, idea, types of apartments, design, operation The house itself was experimental and utopian. Separate apartments were supposed to be collected from single and double cells F, and public to make a kitchen, garden, laundry. The roof was intended for joint parties, which did not happen, as the house was inhabited by various political figures, some of whom were repressed in the 30s. (order 15 man)Many others moved to other houses that were built for the highest party nomenklatura.

Continuation in next post.

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